How do variables inside python modules work?

python,module,python-module

The convention is to declare constants in modules as variables written in upper-case (Python style guide: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/#global-variable-names). But there's no way to prevent someone else to re-declare such a variable -- thus ignoring conventions -- when importing a module. There are two ways of working around this when importing modules...

sys.argv in a windows environment

python,windows,python-3.x

You are calling the script wrong Bring up a cmd (command line prompt) and type: cd C:/Users/user/PycharmProjects/helloWorld/ module_using_sys.py we are arguments And you will get the correct output....

Python - Opening and changing large text files

python,replace,out-of-memory,large-files

You need to read one bite per iteration, analyze it and then write to another file or to sys.stdout. Try this code: mesh = open("file.mesh", "r") mesh_out = open("file-1.mesh", "w") c = mesh.read(1) if c: mesh_out.write("{") else: exit(0) while True: c = mesh.read(1) if c == "": break if c...

Python: can't access newly defined environment variables

python,bash,environment-variables

After updating your .bashrc, perform source ~/.bashrc to apply the changes. Also, merge the two BONSAI-related calls into one: export BONSAI=/home/me/Utils/bonsai_v3.2 UPDATE: It was actually an attempt to update the environment for some Eclipse-based IDE. This is a different usecase altogether. It should be described in the Eclipse help. Also,...

Pandas Dataframe Complex Calculation

python,python-2.7,pandas,dataframes

I believe the following does what you want: In [24]: df['New_Col'] = df['ActualCitations']/pd.rolling_sum(df['totalPubs'].shift(), window=2) df Out[24]: Year totalPubs ActualCitations New_Col 0 1994 71 191.002034 NaN 1 1995 77 2763.911781 NaN 2 1996 69 2022.374474 13.664692 3 1997 78 3393.094951 23.240376 So the above uses rolling_sum and shift to generate the...

SyntaxError: invalid syntax?

python,syntax

Check the code before the print line for errors. This can be caused by an error in a previous line; for example: def x(): y = [ print "hello" x() This produces the following error: File "E:\Python\test.py", line 14 print "hello" ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax When clearly the error is...

How to use template within Django template?

python,html,django,templates,django-1.4

You can use the include tag in order to supply the included template with a consistent variable name: For example: parent.html <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12 col-lg-12 block block-color-1"> {% include 'templates/child.html' with list_item=mylist.0 t=50 only %} </div> </div> child.html {{ list_item.text|truncatewords:t }} UPDATE: As spectras recommended, you can use the...

Tagging values in HTML document for automated extraction

html,xml,html5

If you are using them as meta-documents and they are sent to the parser, then converted as HTML and as long as the converted HTMLs do not have any irrelevant tags, it is fine! So, if the following code: <requirement> THE REQUIREMENT HERE </requirement> Gets converted into something like: <!--...

Ruby- get a xml node value

ruby,xml

Try to use css instead of xpath, this will work for you, doc = Nokogiri::XML(response.body) values = doc.css('Name').select{|name| name.text}.join',' puts values => Ram,Sam ...

Identify that a string could be a datetime object

python,regex,algorithm,python-2.7,datetime

What about fuzzyparsers: Sample inputs: jan 12, 2003 jan 5 2004-3-5 +34 -- 34 days in the future (relative to todays date) -4 -- 4 days in the past (relative to todays date) Example usage: >>> from fuzzyparsers import parse_date >>> parse_date('jun 17 2010') # my youngest son's birthday datetime.date(2010,...

how to enable a entry by clicking a button in Tkinter?

python,tkinter

You need to use the configure method of each widget: def rakhi(): entry1.configure(state="normal") entry2.configure(state="normal") ...

Strange Behavior: Floating Point Error after Appending to List

python,python-2.7,behavior

Short answer: your correct doesn't work. Long answer: The binary floating-point formats in ubiquitous use in modern computers and programming languages cannot represent most numbers like 0.1, just like no terminating decimal representation can represent 1/3. Instead, when you write 0.1 in your source code, Python automatically translates this to...

Fixed element in android?

android,xml,android-fragments

You need a FrameLayout. In a FrameLayout, the children are overlapped on top of each other with the last child being at the topmost. activity_main.xml <FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" xmlns:fab="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:fitsSystemWindows="true"> <LinearLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"...

SQLAlchemy. 2 different relationships for 1 column

python,sqlalchemy

I'm afraid you can't do it like this. I suggest you have just one relationship users and validate the insert queries.

Pandas - Dropping multiple empty columns

python,pandas

You can just subscript the columns: df = df[df.columns[:11]] This will return just the first 11 columns or you can do: df.drop(df.columns[11:], axis=1) To drop all the columns after the 11th one....

Displaying a 32-bit image with NaN values (ImageJ)

python,image-processing,imagej

The display range of your image might not be set correctly. Try outputImp.resetDisplayRange() or outputImp.setDisplayRange(Stats.min, Stats.max) See the ImagePlus javadoc for more info....

How to check for multiple attributes in a list

python,python-2.7

You can create a set holding the different IDs and then compare the size of that set to the total number of quests. The difference tells you how many IDs are duplicated. Same for names. Something like this (untested): def test_quests(quests): num_total = len(quests) different_ids = len(set((q.ID for q in...

Find the tf-idf score of specific words in documents using sklearn

python,scikit-learn,tf-idf

Yes. See .vocabulary_ on your fitted/transformed TF-IDF vectorizer. In [1]: from sklearn.datasets import fetch_20newsgroups In [2]: data = fetch_20newsgroups(categories=['rec.autos']) In [3]: from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import TfidfVectorizer In [4]: cv = TfidfVectorizer() In [5]: X = cv.fit_transform(data.data) In [6]: cv.vocabulary_ It is a dictionary of the form: {word : column index in...

Python Popen - wait vs communicate vs CalledProcessError

python,python-2.7,error-handling,popen

about the deadlock: It is safe to use stdout=PIPE and wait() together iff you read from the pipe. .communicate() does the reading and calls wait() for you about the memory: if the output can be unlimited then you should not use .communicate() that accumulates all output in memory. what...

Sum of two variables in RobotFramework

python,automated-tests,robotframework

By default variables are string in Robot. So your first two statements are assigning strings like "xx,yy" to your vars. Then "evaluate" just execute your statement as Python would do. So, adding your two strings with commas will produce a list: $ python >>> 1,2+3,4 (1, 5, 4) So you...

odoo v8 - Field(s) `arch` failed against a constraint: Invalid view definition

python,xml,view,odoo,add-on

You have made silly mistake in defining _columns. _colums is not valid dictionary name for fields structure. Replace this by _columns and restart service and update module. ...

Using counter on array for one value while keeping index of other values

python,collections

To count how often one value occurs and at the same time you want to select those values, you'd simply select those values and count how many you selected: fruits = [f for f in foods if f[0] == 'fruit'] fruit_count = len(fruits) If you need to do this for...

represent an index inside a list as x,y in python

python,list,numpy,multidimensional-array

According to documentation of numpy.reshape , it returns a new array object with the new shape specified by the parameters (given that, with the new shape, the amount of elements in the array remain unchanged) , without changing the shape of the original object, so when you are calling the...

How do I read this list and parse it?

python,list

Your list contains one dictionary you can access the data inside like this : >>> yourlist[0]["popularity"] 2354 [0] for the first item in the list (the dictionary). ["popularity"] to get the value associated to the key 'popularity' in the dictionary....

trying to understand LSH through the sample python code

python,similarity,locality-sensitive-hash

a. It's a left shift: https://docs.python.org/2/reference/expressions.html#shifting-operations It shifts the bits one to the left. b. Note that ^ is not the "to the power of" but "bitwise XOR" in Python. c. As the comment states: it defines "number of bits per signature" as 2**10 → 1024 d. The lines calculate...

Python: histogram/ binning data from 2 arrays.

python,histogram,large-files

if you only need to do this for a handful of points, you could do something like this. If intensites and radius are numpy arrays of your data: bin_width = 0.1 # Depending on how narrow you want your bins def get_avg(rad): average_intensity = intensities[(radius>=rad-bin_width/2.) & (radius<rad+bin_width/2.)].mean() return average_intensities #...

How to remove structure with python from this case?

python,python-2.7

It's complicated to use regex, a stupid way I suggested: def remove_table(s): left_index = s.find('<table>') if -1 == left_index: return s right_index = s.find('</table>', left_index) return s[:left_index] + remove_table(s[right_index + 8:]) There may be some blank lines inside the result....

Count function counting only last line of my list

python,python-2.7

I don't know what you are exactly trying to achieve but if you are trying to count R and K in the string there are more elegant ways to achieve it. But for your reference I had modified your code. N = int(raw_input()) s = [] for i in range(N):...

The event loop is already running

python,python-3.x,pyqt,pyqt4

I think the problem is with your start.py file. You have a function refreshgui which re imports start.py import will run every part of the code in the file. It is customary to wrap the main functionality in an ''if __name__ == '__main__': to prevent code from being run on...

Parsing XML array using Jquery

javascript,jquery,xml,jquery-mobile

EMI and CustomerName are elements under json so you can use .find() to find those elements and then text() to get its value. $(data).find("json").each(function (i, item) { var heures = $(item).find("CustomerName").text(); var nbr = $(item).find("EMI").text(); console.log(heures); }); .attr() is used to get the attribute value of an element like in...

Inserting a variable in MongoDB specifying _id field

python,mongodb,pymongo

Insert only accepts a final document or an array of documents, and an optional object which contains additional options for the collection. db.collection.insert( <document or array of documents>, { // options writeConcern: <document>, ordered: <boolean> } ) You may want to add the _id to the document in advance, but...

Twilio Client Python not Working in IOS Browser

javascript,python,ios,flask,twilio

Twilio developer evangelist here. Twilio Client uses WebRTC and falls back to Flash in order to make web browsers into phones. Unfortunately Safari on iOS supports neither WebRTC nor Flash so Twilio Client cannot work within any browser on iOS. It is possible to build an iOS application to use...

About sorting based on the counting of subelements

xml,xslt

You can use a key in order to count the properties in the sort instruction. A stylesheet containing the following: <xsl:key name="p" match="property" use="@agency"/> <xsl:template match="/immo"> <result> <xsl:for-each select="agency"> <xsl:sort select="count(key('p', @name))"/> <res id="{ @name }" count="{ count(key('p', @name)) }"/> </xsl:for-each> </result> </xsl:template> when applied to the following input: <immo>...

Load XML to list using LINQ [duplicate]

c#,xml,linq

Make a base class which will have id,x,y,z, and have Vendors,Bankers and Hospitals extend it. Then you can have a collection of the base class, and add to it the classes that inherit from it....

XSLT How to remove style from div and td tags

xml,xslt

To remove some nodes start with the identity transformation template <xsl:template match="@* | node()"> <xsl:copy> <xsl:apply-templates select="@* | node()"/> </xsl:copy> </xsl:template> then add an empty template for the nodes to be removed: <xsl:template xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" match="xhtml:div/@style | xhtml:li/@style | xhtml:td/@style | xhtml:span/@style"/> ...

Replace nodejs for python?

python,node.js,webserver

You might want to have a look at Tornado. It is well-documented and features built-in support for WebSockets. If you want to steer clear of the Tornado-framework, there are several Python implementations of Socket.io. Good luck!...

In sklearn, does a fitted pipeline reapply every transform?

python,scikit-learn,pipeline,feature-selection

The pipeline calls transform on the preprocessing and feature selection steps if you call pl.predict. That means that the features selected in training will be selected from the test data (the only thing that makes sense here). It is unclear what you mean by "apply" here. Nothing new will be...

Matplotlib: Plot the result of an SQL query

python,sql,matplotlib,plot

Take this for a starter code : import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from sqlalchemy import create_engine import _mssql fig = plt.figure() ax = fig.add_subplot(111) engine = create_engine('mssql+pymssql://**:****@127.0.0.1:1433/AffectV_Test') connection = engine.connect() result = connection.execute('SELECT Campaign_id, SUM(Count) AS Total_Count FROM Impressions GROUP BY Campaign_id') ## the data data =...

group indices of list in list of lists

python,list

Use collections.OrderedDict: from collections import OrderedDict od = OrderedDict() lst = [2, 0, 1, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2] for i, x in enumerate(lst): od.setdefault(x, []).append(i) ... >>> od.values() [[0, 5, 7], [1], [2, 3, 6], [4]] ...

How to calculate max string-length of a node-set?

xml,xslt,xslt-1.0,libxslt

<xsl:variable name="max_a_width"> <xsl:for-each select="data"> <xsl:sort select="string-length(@a)" data-type="number" /> <xsl:if test="position() = last()"> <xsl:value-of select="string-length(@a)" /> </xsl:if> </xsl:for-each> </xsl:variable> This is the general method of picking from an ordered list of derived values in XSLT 1.0. If you want to pick the minimum/maximum from actual (natively sortable) values, you can take...

How does the class_weight parameter in scikit-learn work?

python,scikit-learn

First off, it might not be good to just go by recall alone. You can simply achieve a recall of 100% by classifying everything as the positive class. I usually suggest using AUC for selecting parameters, and then finding a threshold for the operating point (say a given precision level)...

Error when building an XDocument

c#,xml,linq,xpath,linq-to-xml

You can ignore pretty much all your code, the issue is just this: XDocument people = new XDocument("Persons"); You can't create an XDocument containing a string, you need to add an element: XDocument people = new XDocument( new XElement("Persons", original.XPathSelectElements(xpathFilterDups))); ...

C# XML: System.InvalidOperationException

c#,xml

Is "User Info" and "Course Data" is a different entity. If it is so, I think you may encapsulate them in one entity. XmlTextWriter writer = new XmlTextWriter(path, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8); writer.WriteStartDocument(true); writer.Formatting = Formatting.Indented; writer.Indentation = 4; writer.WriteStartElement("My Entity"); /* It is a biggest one*/ writer.WriteStartElement("User Info"); writer.WriteStartElement("Name"); writer.WriteString(userName); writer.WriteEndElement(); writer.WriteStartElement("Tutor...

Convert contents of an XmlNodeList to a new XmlDocument without looping

c#,xml,xpath,xmldocument,xmlnodelist

If you're happy to convert it into LINQ to XML, it's really simple: XDocument original = ...; // However you load the original document // Separated out for clarity - could be inlined, of course string xpath = "//Person[not(PersonID = following::Person/PersonID)]" XDocument people = new XDocument( new XElement("Persons", original.XPathSelectElements(xpath) )...

Python recursive function not recursing

python,recursion

Afraid I don't know much about python, but I can probably help you with the algorithm. The encoding process repeats the following: multiply the current total by 17 add a value (a = 1, b = 2, ..., z = 26) for the next letter to the total So at...

Collect strings after a foreach loop

c#,xml,foreach

Yep, you need to do the adding within the loop. I'd use a List<string> as it supports LINQ: XmlNodeList skillNameNodeList=SkillXML.GetElementsByTagName("name"); List<string> skills = new List<string>(); foreach (XmlNode skillNameNode in skillNameNodeList) { skills.Add(skillNameNode.Attributes["value"].Value); } ...

How to change the IP address of Amazon EC2 instance using boto library

python,amazon-web-services,boto

Make sure you have set properly with ~/.boto and connect to aws, have the boto module ready in python. If not, go through this first: Getting Started with Boto For example, you need assign a new EIP 54.12.23.34 to the instance i-12345678 Make sure, EIP has been allocated(existed) and you...

Sort when values are None or empty strings python

python,list,sorting,null

If you want the None and '' values to appear last, you can have your key function return a tuple, so the list is sorted by the natural order of that tuple. The tuple has the form (is_none, is_empty, value); this way, the tuple for a None value will be...

Calling function and passing arguments multiple times

python,function,loops

a,b,c = 1,2,3 while i<n: a,b,c = myfunction(a,b,c) i +=1 ...