java,encryption,bytearray,md5,message-digest
This is because the byte type in Java (like almost all other types) is signed, which means it has a range of -128..127. If you want to convert this range to an unsigned range (0..255), do this: byte b = -2; int i = b & 0xff; Print your result...
c#,image,digest,steganography,message-digest
That's an unfortunate situation you're in. Both papers lack clarity and all the relevant information to fully replicate the process. The older paper even admits that (Section 4, Step IX). Regardless, there is some clarification and detective work we can do ourselves. T is calculated before C. There is no...
java,encryption,cryptography,message-digest
The Hash digest need to be done just once (see the doc): System.out.println("digest : " + hash.digest()); //1 byte[] ciphertext = cipher.doFinal(hash.digest()); //2 Calling hash.digest() once creates the digest and then resets the hash object. Which is why you get different output. Below is the change which I made: byte[]...
java,security,hash,md5,message-digest
NOTE: The MD5 Hashing Algorithm should never be used for password storage, as it's hashes are easily cracked. However, I will use it for simplicity. The quick/easy/UNSECURE fix would be to convert the char array to a string. However, this is unsecure because strings are immutable and can't be cleared...
When you are calling DigestUtils.md5Hex(md5Digest.digest("12345".getBytes()))), you actually calculate the MD5 of the result of the previous MD5 calculation. Thus no wonder that double-MD5 differs from single MD5.